Vawleicung political scientist pawl nih an chim ning ahcun “equality” timi ṭluk ruannak le inequality timi ṭluk ruan lonak kong he pehtlai in zumhning a tlangpi in paruk a um an ti. Cu hna cu;
- Ṭluk ruan lonak cu hman thiam lo ahcun a chia hru i ṭhat lonak a chuahter.
- Ṭlukruannak hi a biapi bik tuk. Zei bantuk result a chuahpi lai timi nakin a hram thawk in equality ser kha a biapi.
- Ṭluk ruan lonak cu a ttha lo hringhran.
- Ṭlukruan lonak cu a tha lo a si lo, a dingfel lo (unjust)
- Hlan lio ṭluk ruan lonak nih chanthar (nihin) ah inequality a hrin.
- Dinfel lonak le i thleidannak nih tlukruannak a muihter i, ṭluk ruan lonak a chuahter.
Scanlon’s an timi pa nih cun inequality doh a hauhnak cu
atanglei bantuk in a langter.
- Status: Inequality can be objectionable because it creates humiliating differences in status.
- Control: Inequality can be objectionable because it gives the rich unacceptable forms of power over those who have less.
- Economic Opportunity: Inequality can be objectionable because it undermines equality of economic opportunity.
- Political Fairness: Inequality can be objectionable because it undermines the fairness of political institutions.
- Equal Concern: Inequality can be objectionable because it results from violations of a requirement of equal concern for the interests of those to whom the government is obligated to provide some benefit.
- Economic fairness: Inequality of income and wealth can be objectionable because it arises from economic institutions that are unfair.
Sihmansehlaw, Martin O’Neil ti bantuk mifim hna nih cun a cung pakhatnak i langhtermi lakah number 3 “ṭlukruan lonak cu a ṭha lo” lawng hi a cohlan. A chimmi cu zei a si paoh ah ṭluk ruan lonak nih cun thil ṭha lo lawngte a chuahpi, a ti. T.M Scanlon nih cun “ṭluk ruan lonak a ṭhat lo” dan cu pathum in a then; ṭluk ruan lonak nih cun (1) sifahnak le thih lonak a chuahter, (2) status (dirhmun) i dannak a chuahter le (3) Zatlang le ram ah cohlan awk a ṭha lomi power ngannak le, cu power nih duhning paoh in uknak a chuahter kho, a ti. John Rawls an timi pa bal nih cun ṭluk ruan lonak nih (1) Minung nih kokek thil ngeih khawhnak kha hna a hnawh (2) zatlang le veng or dirhmun ah i khah lonak a chuahter (3) A nganmi siloah zatlang buu pakhat nih uknak le rial dipnak a chuahter, a ti ve. Thomas Nagel an timi pa nih a chim ve mi cu ṭluk ruan lonak nih hin (1) pakhat le pakhat karlak ah respect a um ter lo (2) nunzia aa dangmi a chuahter, a ti. A cheukhat pawl nih cun ṭluk ruan lonak hi “moral feeling” in arak chuak khomi a si an ti. Bianabia ah, Hringtu nu nih a fale pahnih ca ah angki a cawk. Nain, upa deuh cu branch tha The North Face a cawkpiak lio ah a hniangpa cu branch um lomi a cawkpiak. Hi bantuk “ṭluk ruan lonak” nih a fapa hniang lungthin ah “Zei ruang ah a si hnga”, ka nu nih a kan thleidan ti bantuk ruahnak a sem kho.
Ṭluk ruan lonak le Tlukruannak kong ah Zeitindah Khua an ruah kun?
- Kokek idannak cu a tha ko. Siloah, a tha lo e.
Pa le nu cu kan chuah kaa in aa dangmi kan si ko ca ah kan covo zong aa dan
ding a si ko. Zatlang zong ahhin a rum deuh an um lo ahcun a si kho lo. Sifak
ca ah a ṭha hnemmi company/dawr ti bantuk a ser khotu mirum deuh a herh ve ko
lo maw?
Zalonnak (Liberty) vs Tlukruannak (equality)
_ Liberty le equality hi zeitin kan balance ter lai?
Pumpak or zatlang
buu nih liberty a ngahnak thawngin equality a rawk kho i, inequality a chuak
kho. Moral feeling ruang ah fapa hniang nih liberty duh in a nu nih a upa tluk in
a ka daw lo tiah lamdang kawl sehlaw zeitin a si lai? International equality a
chuah khawh nakhnga zei ruang ah ramdang mirum pawl nih ram sifak i, mi harsa
pawl hi an ngeihmi tampi thap in an bawmh lo ti ahcun “ahau theng lo timi moral
feeling” ruang ah a si. Si cun, equality hi a ṭha dih hnga maw? Siloah, global
ah equality um sehlaw ti ahcun vawleicung cozah buu pakhat ahau lai tinak maw a
si hnga? Zatlang le veng ah angki color aa khatmi i hruk dih peng sisehlaw tah?
Siloah, sang le veng ah mah le inn kip ah rawl chuan lo in sang ah eimi i khat
ding ah rawl chuan ṭi si hna sehlaw tah? Cucu equality cu a ṭha hnga maw? Hi
zawn ahhin a cheukhat nih cun inequality hi a ṭhatnak a um ve ko, an ti ve.
Taylor Swift nih bus driver pa bonus dollar sing 1 a pekmi nih a langhter mi cu vawleicung a bik in tulio U.S ah zeitluk in dah inequality a um timi a a si. Phundang in, cungdot minung or phaisa ngeih nih tangdot minung cu an uk hna siloah an influence hna timi a lang. Phundang in dotcung khuasa minung sin in tangdot minung cu equality a um lo ruang ah “Liberty” an hmu kho lo, tinak a si. Fiang deuh in chim ahcun Boss nih a rian ṭuantu cu zarhpi ni ah rian a ṭuan ter i, rian phuah lai ṭih ahcun rianṭuantu pa nih cun a huam lo bu in a boss pa bia cu a ngaih__ a hnee. Hihi a si awk a si maw? Minthang hlasa nih show an tuah tikah ticket $ 100 in zuar ding cu an cawk tuk tikah master ticket timi phun an ser i, $ 100 leng in an zuar hna. Acheu khat nih cun VIP ticket an ti. Hi nih show a zoh ciocio mi karah i khah lonak le ṭhleidannak kha a um ter. Hi bantuk hi a ṭha ko, kan ti lai maw? A si ahcun, economic lei inequality cu kan doh ahau maw?
Equal Concern
A khat lomi buu siloah aa khat lomi minung nih thil pakhatkhat kong ah ṭluk ruan lonak an ton tikah ṭluk ruan duhnak lungthin an ngeihmi khi “equal concern” an timi phun cu a si.
Vawleicung A Uktu Cozah cu Zei Ruang ah Aherh Anti Hnga?
Nihin vawleicung kan zoh tikah a cheukhat ram cu an chan a sau lio ah a cheu khat cu chan lailing ah an thi. A cheukhat ram cu ei thaw in an um lio ah a cheu khat ram ahcun mang ṭam a tlung. Nihin vawleicung life expentency kan zoh tikah a sangbik Monaco (87), Hongkong (85) a si lioah Chad le Nigeria cu (54) lawnglawng an si. A sullam cu ram cheukhat ahcun tuan te in an thih lioah ram cheukhat ahcun sau deuh nun a si timi a si. Ram cheukhat i, life expectancy a niamnak cu aherhmi institution ṭha an ngeih lo ruang ah a si, an ti.
Zei ruang ah dah ram khat le ram khat karah ṭluk ruan te in um aherh timi kong ah an chimmi cu; nikhua rawhmi dohnak “climate change” hi ram rum lawng nih a tuah khomi a si lo. Ram sifak zong nih a tuah ve ahau. Sinain, ram sifak nih ram rum he an i dannak ruang ah ram rum bantuk in thil a tuah khawh lo tikah “ozone a kangh cu maw, kan zoh sawh kun hnga” a timi an um. Cu bantuk in, vawlei ah aa pharhmi virus; covid, HIV ti bantuk hi tuchan ahcun vawleicung ah rang tuk in a karh tikah ram pakhat i, a dam khawhnak cu vawleicung i a damnak bantuk in a si ve cang ti, a si.
Law
Phung nih hin ṭluk ruan lonak, sal zuatnak ti bantuk hi tampi a kham khawh. US ahcun “The New Jersey Constitution” kha phungser buu nih an rak tuah i, hngakchia kum 5 in kum 18 tiang ah man lo in sianginn an rak kai kho. A sullam cu ṭluk ruan te in sianginn ca cawnnak an tuah. Sinain, hlan deuh lio ahcun minak pawl cu an si zong a fak deuh i, an rak namneh hna ruang ah law nih ṭha te in a kilveng kho hna lo. Bianabia ah, mi tukthahnak a um tikah misual cu sual puh an tong theo tawn. Sual puhmi cheukhat cu lawyer hlan kong ah rikhiahpiak te pawl an tong. Cu lengah, acheukhat ram ahcun sianginn sernak, lam ser le lam remhnak, biakinn saknak, sizung saknak tbk public service kong ah ṭlukruan lonak a um tikah an comi aa khat ti lo. Cucaah “equal justice under law” ti hi a hung herh. Sinain, hngalh awk aherhmi cu cozah nih a tuahmi paohpoah hi mipi nih direct in ṭhathnemnak a pe dihtu an si tawn lo. Cucaah, tuahmi thil kha a biapi ve. Kan ram ahcun ralkap sakhan nan sa, annih ram ah nan sak ṭung tin buai awk a ṭha lo.
Phungphai kong ah buainak a ummi cu phungphai ah ṭha te in thleidannak or ṭluk ruan lonak um lo ding aa ṭial ko bu ahcun rian ṭuantu hna nih rian an ṭuan tikah phungphai zulh loin an ṭuan tawn. Cucu i, a result nih ṭluk ruanlonak kha fakpi in a chuahpi tawn. Hi bantuk ruang ah ṭluk ruannak duh ah i thahnak ti bantuk violation a chuak kho. Siloah, tupung thawh i, ral thawh ruang ah mi tampi thihnak le innle lo kanghnak ti bantuk tiang in a chuak kho.
Status Inequality
Thleidannak “discrimination”: Miphun, Nulepa, Biaknak ti bantuk in anih or annih hi cucu an si i, annih hi an chia, annih hi hnam ei, annih hi mifir ti bantuk cuai thlainak in a chuak. Hi bantuk thleidannak ngeih ruang ah thil ṭha tampi sungh khawh a si lengah i remhnak ti bantuk a zor ter kho. Minung le minung karah a biapi deuh le a biapi deuh lo ti bantuk in hmunhma pahnih (level) aa sem kho fawn. Sifaknak le rumnak kong zong ah mi sifak deuh cu an ngeih lo deuhmi ruang ah nehsawh khawh an si ca ah Adam Smith timi pa nih cun economics lei inequality hi doh aherh ngaingai. Ahlei in ngeihchiat i dan ruang ah minung pakhat nih mi tluk lo in ningzah a tuar caan (hruk aih mi ṭluk lo tbk) hrimhrim ahcun doh aherh tuk ve a ti.
Ci timi tuluk nu nih cun economic lei ṭluk ruan lonak nih sifaknak phunthum : subsistence poverty, status poverty, and agency poverty a chuah ter khawh a ti. Acheukhat nih cun ro comi sinak zong nih hin ṭluk ruan lonak hi a chuah ter ve fawn ca ah hlan lio i, arak ummi ṭluk ruan lonak zong hi chanthar ah buainak a chuahtertu a si, an ti ve. Acheu khat ve nih cun talent ngeih te pawl zong nih ṭluk ruan lonak a chuah ter ve, an ti. Nain, biahalnak cu talent hi kan doh awk maw, doh lo awk a si timi kong ah zaran hnatlaknak a um lo. A ṭha mi talent a si ko ahcun cohlan awk le, a ṭha lomi ahcun doh awk maw? A si ahcun a ṭhat le ṭhat lo cu zeitin kan zoh kun lai a fiang lo.
Kan peh ṭhan te lai.
________
2023 September 25
Ca cawn nikhat ni
Seoul, South Korea.
