Kachin Independence Organization (KIO) cu U Nu cozah he ruahnak aa khat lomi Burma Army ralkap hlun pahnih Lamung Tu Jai, Lama La Ring le Zaw Seng nih 1960 October 25 ni ah an ser. Zaw Seng cu an lutlai hmasabik a si i, KIO ahcun ralkap 27 an rak um. Ralkap 27 nih cawlcanghnak an tuahmi cu U Nu cozah nih a lehrulh tawnning an hmuh tikah Kachin mino 100 cu KIO ah U Nu cozah dohding ah an lut ve. Cu ralkap he fonh in Kachin Independence Army cu 1961 Feb5 ah an rak ser i, uknak lei ah Kachin Independence Council (KIC) zong a hung i sem. Hi phuthen thenthum lakah KIO hi a ngan bik a si. KIO Central Committee ahhin chungtel 12 an um i, tulio KIO hruaitu cu Gen. N'Ban La a si. Uknak (KIC) tang ah department a nganmi (11) a um; Zatlang uknak department, Ngunkeng department, Chawlet chawrawl department, Ngandamnak lei department, Fim cawnnak lei department, Law and Judicial department, Information department, ramleng he pehtlaihnak lei department, Culture and Literature department, Cinthlak le satil zuatnak lei department, Thingram le kokek lei department tin an ser.
Uknak ram phun cu phunli in an then
i, Chaklei ramtthen (Myint sone tiva chaklei kam), nitlaklei ramtthen (tlanglei
Myitsone tiva/ Ayeyarwaddy tiva ahnu lei kap), Nichuak lei ramtthen (Myintsone
tiva tlang lei kap in nichuah Ayeyarwaddy tiva lei kap) le Tlanglei ram tthen
(Shanram chaklei kap) tin an ser ti, a si. Min Aung Hlaing uknak lak hlan data
ning in KIA ahhin tatyin pakhat ah ralkap 150 in sermi tat-yin 150 a um i, zung
rian tuan he an dihlak fonh ah ralkap thazaang hi 20,000 cu an si lai tiah
ruahdamh a si. Cu leng ah, reserves 5,000 leng an um ti a si. KIA nih hin
hriamnam tampi anmah te in an i ser kho cang i, vanlawng kahnak zong an ngei,
an ti. KIA nih an uknak khua le ram ahcun KIA ah kum 2 ralkap tlak hrimding
phung an ser. KIO cu 2010 in thawkmi NCA a rak thu lomi EAOs pawl nih an sermi
buu FPNCC ah vice chairman a si.
KIO nih an rak i timhmi hi "Independent" a si kha fiang te in Ne Win nih uknak a hung lak kumkhat hnu ah Revolution Council cozah nih hriamtlai pawl remhdaihnak tuah a sawm tan 1963 June thla ah ah fiang te in a hun lang. Cu remh daihnak ahcun Shan nih federal, Mon le Karen nih Independent, Communist Party of Arakan nih People's Republics of Arakan ramthar ser arak si. Sihmansehlaw, cu remh daihnak ahcun Ne Win cozah Revolution Council lei nih bia i kenmi cu; hriamtlai nih umnak hmun te ah hriam tlaihding. Revolution Council nawl lo in leng chuah lo ding, hriamtlai milu laakchap lo ding, fundraising tuah lo ding, armed camp cu Revolution Council he naihniam te in cawlcanghding ti a si ca ah remh daihnak cu a phi a rak chuak lo. Hi lio caan ahhin, KIO nih ral ngan phuhnih Burma Army le Communist Party of Burma (CPB) ralkap tin a rak ngeih_phuhnih in KIO nih a doh hna. Cucaah, Burma Army (BA) nih KIO cu anmah lei in tang ti awk ah a sawm hna. Hriamnam kan in pek hna lai an ti. Sihmansehlaw, BA he ralkah in CPB he ralkawi an hung i tlai i, BA tu an doh tti. Hi lio CPB cu China le Southeast Asia (SEA) i Communist pawl sin in hriamnam siseh, ralkap siseh bawmhnak tampi an rak hmuh lio caan kha a si ca ah CPB le KIO ralkawi tuahnak thawng in KIO zong cu ahung tthang lian ngaingai. Sihmansehlaw, KIO chung ahhin communist ruahnak a domi an rak tampi ve ca ah CPB he KIO nih ralkawi a tuahnak kong ah lung i hmuh lonak tete arak um. A bik in, Thailand ramri i, a ummi KIO ralbawi pawl cu an hna atla hrim lo ti, a si. KIO le CPB an tanti lio hrawng 1970 in 1980 kar hi KIO an thawng bik caan le Kachin ram tampi an kuttang ah an lak khawh caan a si, ti a si.
US nih hin foreign policy ah an thin a phan bikmi pakhat a rak um. Cucu Southeast Asia ah communist a karh ahcun chikkhat te ah Asia a khat lai i, vawleicung a kan uk sual lai ti hi a si. Cucaah, US nih cun Vietnam ramchung ral zong ah democracy a duhmi Vietnam pawl kha Communist a dohpi hna nain, 1975 ah Hochi Minh te nih an tei hna i, Vietnam cu Communist ram a hung lan. Phundang in chim ahcun, US le a hawile nih Communist kha an rak doh peng caan a si. Cu lio hrawng caan te ahcun China ram kha Communist ram ah a sertu Mao Zedong cu a hung thi ai. Cu tikah Deng Xiao Peng cu 1978 ah China hruaitu lutlai a hung si. Deng chan ahcun China policy cu tamtuk a hung i thleng. Mao he ralkah in foreign policy te pawl a remh hna. Ahlei in trade agreement ti bantuk kha a ram innpa he a tuah colh hna. A bik in, Myanmar ram cu Communist ram a can ding nakin China ram nih a miak ding innpa a si kha a tuaktan deuhmi policy arak hman ca ah Myanmar ram ah hriam tlai in do a thlengmi CPB bawi pawl cu Myanmar cozah doh lo in i dinhding a fial hna. “Nan i dinh ahcun pensen kan pek hna lai leng ah umnak hmun le hma le inn le lo zong pek nan si lai. Nan duh ahcun China ram ah Chinese Communist Party chungtel nan si kho lai a ti hna. Hi bantuk in China nih CPB cu bawmhnak pek lo lawng si lo in hriamtlaih lo ding a sawm tuk hna ruang ah CPB cu a thazaang a hung der colh. Hi bantuk ruang ah KIO zong bawmhnak an hung hmu ti lo.
Hi bantuk geopolitics nih tlangcung hriamtlai pawl a hung hninh lio caan te ah Myanmar ralkap cozah nih hriam chiahding sawmnak a thanhmi cu CPB in hriamtlai 450, KIO in 400, Karen 260, Kokang in 160 le Thai ramri in 450 nih an cohlan/ alin an vun. Hriam a chia duh lomi pawl he remh daihnak biaruahnak tuahding ah Myanmar cozah nih 1981 May ah a sawm than hna. KIO le Myanmar ralkap cozah he remh daihnak cu Kachin biaknak lei upa hruainak in rak tuah a si i. biaknak lei upa (mediators) pawl nih an rak i tlaihmi cu KIO le ralkap i kahnak ah mipi an temh ko cangnak kong le China sin in bawmhnak a rat ti lo ca ah zalennak chunmang a si khawh ti lo ca ah remh daihnak tuah ding a si ko,’ ti kha a rak si. Cu bantuk dirhmun in cun an biaruahnak cu a tlam a tlin deuh ca ah 1981 October thla ah Yangon ah Ne Win cozah he tonding ah hilio KIO chairman Brang Seng, GS Zawng Hra cu an rak kal. Rangon , Judson Church ahkhin KIO bawi pawl cu an hung i pum. Cu lio ahcun an hruaitu lubik cu nih cun “Kachin ram ah mahte uknak– self autonomy hmuhding kan si ahcun remh daihnak kan tuah ko lai tiah arak chim. Sihmansehlaw, Ne Win cozah aiawh in ralbawi Tin Oo le San Yu he an i ton tikah Myanmar ralkap nih cun KIO ralbawi halmi cu an rak ruahpiak hna lo. Ne Win cozah nih cun Burma Socialist Programme Party (BSPP) lawng hi ram hruaitu a si lai ti arak si ca ah KIO le Myanmar cozah kar biaruahnak cu arak rawk hoi. Sihmansehlaw, Kachin mino nih KIO chairman i, a chimmi “mah te i uk khawhnak” kha an rak uar ngaingai ti a si. Bertil Lintner nih cun hi i tonnak ah KIO nih Ne Win cozah cu mipi support-nak a miak a ti.
Hi bantuk dirhmun a hung phan hnu ah KIO le CPB cu tlangcung hriamtlai pawl an i butnak NDF he alliance tuahding min an rak thu. Nain, NDF ah CPB nih min an thutmi cu KNU a hna a tla lo. Communist a dotu an si ruang ah ti, a si. 8888 buainak a hung dih 1989 December 13 ah SLORC ralkap cu CPB le KIO nih fakpi an rak kah hna. Minung 15 an rak thah hna. Sihmansehlaw, CPB cu China ramkhel ruang ah a rak i hnin tuk i. arak i cheu. 1990 April 13 ah Wa hruaitu le ralkap 700 nih CPB cu an rak lak ca ah CPB cu a dong. CPB in aa cheumi hriamtlai pawl cu Myanmar ralkap cozah in Khin Ngut nih remh daihnak a tuah khawh ca ah KIO zong tam tuk arak i hnin ve than. Cucaah, 1994 Feb 24 ah bilateral agreement an rak tuah. Hi hnatlaknak ca ahcun KIO nih headquarter sernnak nawl hmuh le KIO kha Myanmar ralkap cozah sermi 2008 Constitution ah i tel ve ding ti a si_ 2008 Constitution ser lio ah KIO nih an duhmi phun 19 an rak chim ve ko nain Myanmar ralkap nih an rak ngai lo. Bertil Lintner nih cun Myanmar ralkap nih hin KIO pawl cu kan duhning nan um lo ahcun tlangcung ramtang ah kan i kuat than hna lai ti bantuk te hna an rak ti hna a ti.
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The Chan
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