Tuluk Ramkhel Cahmai (BC 3000- AD 1992)

Atang ca hna cu Tuluk ram sersiamnak ah key a simi tete thim in tialmi a si.

Ca 1700- 1046BC- Shang Dynasty uknak aa thawk. North Central China lei kap in arak I thawk.

1045-ca – 770BC- Zhou dynasty nih Shang pennak cu Chaklei Tuluk lei ah a nam khawh.

Ca 770BC- Zhou State cu aa cheu. Ramchung ral ruang ah aa cheu.

Ram Dirhmun le Tuluk

221- 206 BC :Ying Zheng timi Qin siangpahrang nih Tuluk ram i, hmun tampi cu a hui khawh ca ah amah cu emperor ahmasabik a tuahtu siangpahrang tiah ti a si. Quin Shihuangdi nih hin first Great wall of China a rak sak. Nain, a thih bak in a pennak a dih ca ah athil tuahmi arak dih lo. Cun, Liu Bang timi nih han Dynasty a ser.

206BC- 220AD: Han Dynasty nih Tuluk ram vialte a hum khawh hna ca ah amah chan cu “Golden age” tiah an phuah. Chawlehnak leng ah an thangcho, Confusianism cozah nih a tanpi. Buddhism biaknak a phan.

618- 907 Tang Dynasty nih 3 centuries tluk a hruai. Mah Tang dynasty hi Han Dynasty hnu in a chan a suabik a si.

960- 1279 Song Dynasty chan ah Tuluk cu Tang chan tluk in arak thawng ti lo. Tuluk nunphung, ca, le ruahnak kha tampi a thanter nain ramkhel le ralkap lei a tha a zor deuh. Neo-Confucianism timi kha State ideology ah arak chuak.

Mongul pennak

1271- 1368  Mongols nih China cu a tei ca ah amah pennak “Yuan Dynasty” cu Kublai Khan nih a ser. Marco Polo le nitlak lei rammi hna nih Tuluk rammi tambik an umnak le a khuapibik Beijing cu an rak lengmang.

1368- Ming Dynasty nih Mongols Dynasty cu a thawl, a tei.Cintlak lei in chawlet chawhrawl a thawk. Bureaucracy le ralkap in a ram cu a tuam. Nihin i kan hmuhmi Great Wall cu lim a si.

1644:  Manchu Qing Dynasty nih Ming pennak cu a hrawh. Tuluk pennak cu Zenith tiang arak phan. Xinjiang (Turkestan) tiang a hun kau.

19^th Century: Qing Dynasty thawnnak a dong hliahmah, Western power nih Tuluk cu a tuai tam. Regional warlords kha cozah lai ah ser a si cio.

1899- 1901 – “Boxer Rebellion” timi a chuak. Chaklei Tuluk lei in Qing pennak nganter duhnak a ngan ca ah ramdangmi dawi le ramdang nawl ngeihnak hrawh kha an i zuam. Cu ti an i zuamnak cu Japan le Russia nih an si khawh chung in an rak hrawh.

The Republic Chan

1911-12 : Ralkap buainak a chuak. Sun Yat sen timi mifim Doctor nih Republic of China cu a hruai. Wing Emperor a dih. 

1921 Comunist party Mao Zedong te rual nih an dirh.

1925: Sun Yat Sen a thih ca ah Chiang Kai shek nih a chan. Communist thio a zalh hna. Kuamintang cu an ram hruaitu party ah a hman.

1931-45 Japan nih Tuluk vawlei a lak duahmah.

1934- 35 Mao Zedong cu Communist hruaitu lu ban ah a hung chuak.

1937: Kuamitang le Communist an i fonh, i Japan an do. World war II a dih hnu Japan a sung.  

Communist Victory

1949- 1 October – Mao Zedong nih kum 20 chung hnahnawk in a ummi ramchung ral chung a tei. Nationalists timi pawl cu a dawi hna i, People’s Republic of China a dirh. Nationalist’s pawl cu Taiwan timi tikulh ah cozah thar an dirh. Cucu atu i Taiwan khi a si.

1950 October: Tuluk nih People’s Liberation Army (PLA) ralkap bu cu Tibet ram ah an pennak thawnter peng ding an kuat.

1958: Mao nih “Great Leap Forward” timi kum 5 ca economic plan a rak ser. Lothlo hna kha a fonh hna i, labor intensive industry kha introduce a tuah. Kum 2 chung ah Tuluk sipuazi cei lak a rawk. Hi bantuk a thil tuahmi ruang ah mi thawng tampi an rak thi (morethan 3 million in 3 years)

1959: Chinese force nih Tibet ram cu an duh poh uk le hrem an zalh. (suppress large-scale)

1962- Himalayan ramri ruang ah India he I rem lonak a chuak.l

1966- 76 “Cultural Revolution” chan an ti. Mao’s nih kum hra chung a pen hna lio ah dothlen duhnak lungthin mi tampi lungchung ah a rak um. Afoinak in bawi le sal timi bantuk bawi le mi sawhsawh i dan tuknak kha an dohmi cu a si. Cucu revolution cu Mao a thih tiang a dih lo nan Deng nih a daihter ti khawh a si.)

1972 US President Richard Nixon nih Tuluk arak tlawn. Ram pahnih karlak pehtlaihnak ngeihding bia an tiam.

1976 Mao’s a thi. Gang of four (Mao a nupi le a hawile minung pathum; Culture revolution lio i min ngei pathum) zong thong tlak an si. 1977 ah Deng Xiaoping cu a hung chuak. Amah chan ah Tuluk chawlet chawhrawl a lu a hun I tung deuh (reform).

1979: US he pehtlainak an hun ngei. An rammi an tam tuk ca ah a cozah nih one child-policy a hun ser.

1986- 90 : Tuluk nih “Open- door policy” in ramdang pawl kha an ram ah rian ttuanding a sawm.

1989: Ralkap buu nih Tiananmen Square ah duh lonak a langhtermi arak kah hna. singngakchia 200 hrawng an thi, an ti. Hi ruang ah ramdang in mawhchiatnak a hung chuak.

1989- Communist Party General Secretary Zhao Ziyang Tiananmen duh lonak langhternak ah martial law a chuah duh lotu cu Jiang Zemin nih areng a hun chan.

Stockmarkets cu Shanghai le Shenzehn ah an on.

1992- Russia he pehtlaihnak ngeihding hnatlaknak an tuah. IMF ( International Monetary Fund) nih China economy cu a nganbik pathumnak reng ah a chiah. Cucu US le Japan dih in a si.

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Ref:

1. Kenneth Lieberthal, Ref: Govering China from revolution through reform.
2. China Today and China Tomorrow
3. Derek Mc Doungal, Asia Pacific and World Politics

4. China Timeline, BBC (English)
5. China Today